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RESEARCH AND SCHOLARSHIP: Perspectives on "open" movements
Open Education: history, definition, current trends, examples
Definition:
Open Education initiatives date back to 1948 (Bozkurt, Koseoglu, & Singh, 2019, p. 79) and the United Nations’ Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Article 26) that notes “education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages...and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.”
Useful resources on Open Education:
Bozkurt, A., Koseoglu, S., & Singh, L. (2019). An analysis of peer reviewed publications on openness in education in half a century: Trends and patterns in the open hemisphere. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 35(4), 78-97. https://ajet.org.au/index.php/AJET/article/download/4252/1564
Defines pen education, open learning, open educational resources (OERs), and open educational practices (OEPs). Describes history of these initiatives and provides a systematic analysis of peer reviewed articles about these topics across disciplines, concluding that the " trends observed in this study suggest that
research on openness in education will continue to flourish and expand across different fields and
disciplines. The critical issues raised in this study, particularly the open divide, should be addressed in future studies to make this idea even more ethical and inclusive."
United Nations. (1948). The Universal declaration of human rights (UDHR). https://www.un.org/en/universal-declaration-human-rights/
Article 26(1) states that "Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit." While these ideals have not yet been globally achieved, they still stand as a testament to what education and educators can aspire.
Tags: IPS OA; IPS CritT; IPS CreaT; PSR LL; PSR GL; IAL IntL; CompS
Peer Review: None
Table of contents:
- 1.9.2. Open Evaluation: definition, why important, current trends, examples
1.9.3. Open Licensing: definition, why important, current trends, examples
1.9.4. Open Methodology: history, definition, importance
1.9.5. Open Source: history, definition, current trends, examples
1.9.6. Open Science: history, definition, importance, current trends, examples
Author: Stephanie Krueger
Peer Reviewer(s): None
Last Updated: October 27, 2021